Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA)

• The Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA) – Commonwealth Attorneys and Solicitors General Conference will be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi shortly.

Context:

• Cross-Border Challenges in Justice Delivery is the conference theme.

About Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA):-

• In 1971, it was established.
• Headquarters: London, United Kingdom.
• Promoting and maintaining high standards of legal education throughout the Commonwealth is the mission of the Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA).
• With regional Chapters and Committees in Asia, Southern Africa, West Africa, the Caribbean, and Europe, it is an organization that spans the Commonwealth.
• In order to better serve the public and the legal community, the Association aims to elevate the bar for legal education.

Objectives:-

• The Association aims to make legal education both professionally and socially relevant. To this end, it supports distance learning and continuing legal education programs, develops legal curricula and teaching methodologies, and helps law schools get ready for the demands of the profession in the face of the information revolution and other global challenges.
• Although the Association’s focus is on Commonwealth nations with legal systems derived from the Anglo-American tradition or common law, this purpose may apply to all jurisdictions worldwide.
• The necessity of making legal education both professionally and socially relevant is the foundation of the Association’s Programme of Action.

CLEA activities:-

• Research and Publications
• The Commonwealth Law Lecture Series is an exclusive series that is held throughout the Commonwealth.
• Renowned legal scholars and judges provide lectures.
• Development of Curriculum
• Enhancing Legal Education
• Supporting the principles of the Harare Commonwealth

Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM)

• A two-day regional workshop was recently organized by the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM).

Background:-

• Approximately 17.17 State Rural Livelihoods Missions (SRLMs) and other relevant stakeholders convened to discuss the proposed roadmap aimed at enhancing food, nutrition, health, and WASH (FNHW) results for over 9.98 crore Self-Help Group members and their homes nationwide.

About Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM):-

• June 2011 saw the launch.
• Ministry: Rural Development Ministry.
• The goal is to lessen poverty by giving low-income households access to possibilities for skilled wage work and productive self-employment, which will give them more diverse and sustainable sources of income.

Salient Features:-

• DAY-A major initiative of the Indian government to reduce poverty is NRLM.
• It is the biggest effort in the world to help the impoverished in rural areas.

Values:-

• the lowest playing a meaningful role in all processes and being included in them.
• Accountability and transparency for all procedures and establishments
• Planning, execution, and monitoring are all phases in which the impoverished and their institutions play a crucial part in ownership.
• Self-reliance and independence within the community

Components of mission:-

• The Mission invests on four essential components in an effort to fulfill its goal:
• Social mobilization, financial sustainability, and self-management of rural impoverished community institutions are encouraged and strengthened.
• Within a set time frame, at least one woman member from each identified rural impoverished household is to be included to the Self Help Group (SHG) network.

Financial inclusion of the rural poor:-

• It addresses both the financial inclusion supply and demand sides. On the demand side, it helps the underprivileged become more financially literate and gives the SHGs and their federations access to catalytic money.

Sustainable livelihoods:

• By focusing on three key areas, NRLM seeks to improve and stabilize the poor’s current portfolio of sources of income: employment, livelihood development, and vulnerability reduction.

Hybrid vehicles

• According to recent HSBC research, hybrid cars emit fewer carbon emissions overall than electric cars.

Background:-

• Currently, battery electric vehicles are the main emphasis of India’s electric mobility agenda.

About Hybrid vehicles:-

• An internal combustion engine (ICE), such as a gasoline or diesel engine, and one or more electric motors power a hybrid electric vehicle.
• Although hybrid systems come in a variety of forms, the following are the most popular ones:
• Parallel hybrids: the car can run on its own power from the engine and electric motor
• Series hybrids: the engine produces electricity, but solely the electric motor moves the wheels.

Advantages:-

• Fuel efficiency: Compared to internal combustion engines (ICE) vehicles, hybrid cars are designed with smaller engines and lighter cars, which results in higher mileage.
• Greater strength: HEVs may provide instant torque and high torque even at low speeds thanks to their increased overall power and torque.
• Minimum emissions: Vehicles with higher fuel efficiency have a less carbon footprint, which contributes to the achievement of the Paris Climate Accord’s objectives.
• There needs to be a revolution in Indian transportation if the country is to achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2070 at a positive growth rate. One effective worldwide approach to decarbonizing the transportation industry is the shift to electric vehicles.

Challenges:

• high starting price
• Limited capacity for domestic manufacturing Limited infrastructure for charging
• Insufficient knowledge Restricted governmental actions

Government Initiatives to Promote EV Adoption:-

• The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP), the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (FAME) Scheme II, and the National Mission on Transformative Mobility and Battery Storage
• Go Electric initiative Production Linked Incentive (PLI) program: Financial rewards for producing electric vehicles and their parts

Armado

Mahindra Armado Military Vehicle Debuts at Republic Day Parade Recently.

About Armado:-

• Because Armado is protected from all directions and up to the B7, Stanag Level II, it has excellent ballistic protection.
• This indicates that it provides defense against guns that can penetrate armour.
• The 2-liter turbocharged direct-injection diesel powertrain of the Armado is multifuel capable.
• With 215 horsepower and 500 Nm of torque, there is a considerable amount of power available.
• The first Armoured Light Specialist Vehicle (ALSV) in India is this one.
• For use by the Indian armed services, Mahindra Defence Systems (MDS) created and manufactured this entirely indigenous vehicle.
• An Armored Light Specialist Vehicle (ALSV) is a multipurpose apparatus of great importance.
• Quick response teams, Special Forces, counterterrorism operations, border patrolling, and other uses are all possible with this modular vehicle. (Vagir, the submarine)
• It can accommodate up to eight persons when arranged, with a maximum seating capacity of six, including the driver.
• The ASLV has an additional 400 kg of load capacity in addition to the usual 1,000 kg.

Nano DAP

• The Finance Minister recently announced the expansion of Nano DAP’s application on a variety of crops across all agroclimatic zones at the presentation of the interim budget.

About Nano DAP:-

• Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) developed the product.
• Di-ammonium phosphate, or nano-DAP, is a cutting-edge fertilizer for farming.
• It was created to improve plant nutrition delivery efficiency.
• This product is a special kind of liquid fertilizer that has DAP nanoparticles in it.
• It contains phosphorus and nitrogen, two important basic nutrients needed for crop growth.
• By volume, it has 16% phosphorus and 8% nitrogen.